MEDIUM 199

J.F. Morgan created Medium 199 in 1950, which was among the first artificial medium created for the purpose of cultivating mammalian cells in culture, namely fibroblasts from chick embryos. It has several different ingredients, including as vitamins, salts, glucose, cholesterol, tween, purines, pyrimidines, and both essential and non-essential amino acids.

Originating from chemically specified, animal component-free growing conditions, Medium 199 is perfect for virology and vaccine development. The development of Medium 199 enabled large-scale production of the vaccine, which was used in the huge 1955 polio immunisation campaign.